Pengaruh Probabilitas Fluktuasi Harga Batubara Terhadap Kebijakan Akuntansi Derivatif pada Perusahaan Tambang BUMN dan Danantara

Abstract

 This study examines the effect of coal price fluctuation probability on derivative accounting policies in mining companies within the MIND ID holding ecosystem and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2021–2025. Volatility in global coal prices creates significant financial risk for mining companies, encouraging the adoption of risk management strategies through derivative instruments. The objective of this research is to analyze how the probability of coal price fluctuations influences hedging strategies, fair value measurement methods, and the level of financial instrument disclosure in accordance with PSAK 71. This study employs a quantitative approach with a causal research design using secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of selected mining companies. The sample was determined using purposive sampling based on data availability during the observation period. The independent variable is the probability of coal price fluctuations measured using the standard deviation of coal prices, while the dependent variable is derivative accounting policy reflected through hedging strategy, fair value measurement method, and PSAK 71 disclosure level. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and linear regression analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics. The results indicate that coal price fluctuation probability significantly influences the implementation of hedging strategies, which subsequently affects the application of fair value measurement and the level of financial instrument disclosure. These findings highlight the importance of effective risk management and transparent financial reporting in responding to volatility in global energy markets.