A Description of BCG Scars from BCG Vaccination Recorded in the Health Records of 1-Year-Old Children at Posyandu Centers in the Raja Basa Indah Public Health Center District, Bandar Lampung City in 2013

Shella May Riza SA

doi:10.55606/ijhs.v6i2.7208

Authors

Shella May Riza SA Universitas Malahayati

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/ijhs.v6i2.7208

Keywords:

BCG Scar, BCG Vaccination, KMS, Primary Immunization, Tuberculosis

Abstract

Immunization is an important measure for preventing infectious diseases that should be administered from an early age to boost children’s immunity against various dangerous diseases. One of the mandatory basic immunizations for infants is the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, which aims to prevent tuberculosis (TB). Following BCG vaccination, a scar typically forms at the injection site as a sign of the body’s immune response to the vaccine. This study aims to determine the characteristics of BCG scars in children aged ≤ 1 year recorded in the KMS at the Posyandu in the Raja Basa Indah Public Health Center, Bandar Lampung City, in 2013. The study used a descriptive survey method with an observational approach. The study population consisted of 707 children, and the sample comprised 88 children selected using simple random sampling. Data collection was conducted through direct observation of the presence of BCG scars on the children’s right upper arms and documentation based on the Health Development Card (KMS). Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis with SPSS version 16 and presented in the form of frequency distributions. The results showed that of the 88 children who had received BCG immunization, 67 children (76.1%) developed a BCG scar, while 21 children (23.9%) did not. The development of a BCG scar is influenced by several factors, such as the injection technique, vaccine dose, vaccine quality, and the child’s immune system. This study shows that most children who have received the BCG vaccine develop a scar as a sign of successful immunization.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Atikah Poerwati, dkk. (2010). Imunisasi dan Vaksinasi. Yogyakarta: Nuha Offset, hlm. 10–11, 23, 31, 44.

Aziz Alimul Hidayat. (2008). Pengantar Ilmu Kesehatan Anak. Jakarta: Salemba Medika, hlm. 30–32.

Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2010). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Depkes RI.

Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2013). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Depkes RI.

Dommergues, M. A., de La Rocque, F., Guy, C., Lécuyer, A., Jacquet, A., Guérin, N., ... & Cohen, R. (2009). Local and regional adverse reactions to BCG-SSI® vaccination: A 12-month cohort follow-up study. Vaccine, 27(50), 6967-6973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.073.

Duarsa, A. C. P., Mardiah, A., Anulus, A., & Priono, R. I. P. (2023). Tingkat Kepatuhan Ibu dalam Status Kelengkapan Imunisasi Pada Usia 0-36 Bulan di Puskesmas Cakranegara, Kota Mataram Tahun 2023. Jurnal Kedokteran: Media Informasi Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, 8(2), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.36679/kedokteran.v8i2.47,

Fatonah, S., Handayani, R. S., Sunarsih, S., & Hastuti, R. P. (2025). Pemberdayaan Kader dan Keluarga untuk Mewujudkan Kelurahan Rajabasa Jaya Bebas Stunting. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPKM) Tabikpun, 6(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpkmt.v6i1.199.

Febrian, M. A. (2015). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB Paru anak di wilayah Puskesmas Garuda Kota Bandung. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 3(2), 64-79. https://doi.org/10.31311/.v3i2.154.

Funch, K. M., Thysen, S. M., Rodrigues, A., Martins, C. L., Aaby, P., Benn, C. S., & Fisker, A. B. (2018). Determinants of BCG scarification among children in rural Guinea-Bissau: a prospective cohort study. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 14(10), 2434-2442. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1421879.

GERDUNAS-TBC. (2011). Program Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis, Edisi Bahasa Indonesia (4). Jakarta: EGC, hlm. 100–129.

I.G.N. Ranuh, dkk. (2011). Pedoman Imunisasi di Indonesia Edisi ke-4. Jakarta: Satgas Imunisasi IDAI, hlm. 15–37.

Jason, J., Archibald, L. K., Nwanyanwu, O. C., Kazembe, P. N., Chatt, J. A., Norton, E., ... & Jarvis, W. R. (2002). Clinical and immune impact of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination scarring. Infection and immunity, 70(11), 6188-6195. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.11.6188-6195.2002.

Juherman, Y. N., Sutrio, S., Mulyani, R., & Wahyuni, E. S. (2022). Analisis Kualitatif Praktik Pemberian Makan Pada Bayi Dan Anak Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rajabasa Kota Bandar Lampung. Prepotif J Kesehat Masy, 6(2), 1115-28. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v6i2.4375.

Jumiati, I., Tosepu, R., & Sety, L. M. (2021). Analisis faktor risiko kejadian tuberculosis paru di Kota Kendari. Jurnal Kendari Kesehatan Masyarakat, 1(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.37887/jkkm.v1i1.4.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2011). Profil Data Kesehatan Indonesia. Diakses 8 November 2012 dari Kementerian Kesehatan RI

Lilis Linawati. (2011). Generasi Sehat Melalui Imunisasi. Jakarta: CV Trans Info Media, hlm. 57.

Livana. (2011). Penyebaran Tuberkulosis: Modul 1 Pelatihan Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis Nasional. Jakarta.

Mieke Fandri Yunita. (2011). Distribusi Imunisasi Dasar Raja Basa Indah. Diakses dari Scribd

Narlan Sumawinata. (2013). Senarai Istilah Kedokteran. Jakarta: EGC, hlm. 233–234.

Prihartini, S. D. (2017). Sikap Ibu Terhadap Terjadinya Scar/Borok Setelah Pemberian Imunisasi Bcg Di Kia Puskesmas Peterongan, Kecamatan Peterongan Kabupaten Jombang. Jurnal Edumidwifery, 1(2), 108-113.

Renata Mayangsari, R., Iskandar Zulkarnain, I., & Trisniartami Setyaningrum, T. (2016). Profil Interferon-γ dan Skar BCG sebagai Gambaran Respons Imun pada Pasien Kusta Anak (The Profile of Interferon-ɣ and BCG Scar as an Immune Response Reflection in Children with Leprosy). Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, 28(3), 202-209.

Rizka, F., Khairani, A. I., & Pangaribuan, R. (2026). Pendidikan Kesehatan Keluarga Tentang Manfaat Imunisasi Bacillus Calmette Guerin (Bcg) Pada Bayi Usia 0-12 Bulan Di Upt Puskesmas Medan Deli. Sinergi: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 3(1), 300-306. https://doi.org/10.62335/sinergi.v3i1.2268.

Roth, A., Gustafson, P., Nhaga, A., Djana, Q., Poulsen, A., Garly, M. L., ... & Aaby, P. (2005). BCG vaccination scar associated with better childhood survival in Guinea-Bissau. International journal of epidemiology, 34(3), 540-547. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyh392.

Roth. (2010). Low Birth Weight and Calmette-Guerin Bacillus Vaccination at Birth. Diakses 2 April 2010 dari NCBI

Sari, N. L. (2021) Gambaran Kejadian Balita Dengan Berat Badan Dibawah Garis Merah (BGM) Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Raja Basa Indah. Jurnal Ilmu Gizi Indonesia (Jigzi), 2(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.57084/jigzi.v2i2.1538.

Sinuhaji, L. N. B., & Sembiring, A. (2024). Evaluasi Keberhasilan Program Kesehatan dalam Meningkatkan Cakupan Imunisasi BCG pada Bayi 0-2 Bulan. Jurnal Pengabdian Ruru, 1(1), 25-31.

Soekidjo Notoatmodjo. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, hlm. 15–43.

Soekidjo Notoatmodjo. (2010). Promosi Kesehatan dan Ilmu Perilaku. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, hlm. 23–35.

Storgaard, L., Rodrigues, A., Martins, C., Nielsen, B. U., Ravn, H., Benn, C. S., ... & Fisker, A. B. (2015). Development of BCG scar and subsequent morbidity and mortality in rural Guinea-Bissau. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 61(6), 950-959. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ452.

Sugiyono. (2005). Statistika untuk Penelitian. Bandung: Alfabeta, hlm. 56–69.

Triharinni, T., & Isvandiari, M. A. (2014). Analisis faktor yang terkait test tuberculin pada anak dengan riwayat kontak TB. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 2(2), 150-160. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbe.V2I22014.151-160.

Yulia Novika, J. (2019). Analisis Kualitatif Praktik Pemberian ASI Pada Bayi Usia 0–4 Bulan Di Wilayah Rajabasa Kota Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Sai Betik, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.26630/jkep.v15i2.1626.