Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Kepemimpinan, dan Budaya Kerja terhadap Kinerja Gen Z melalui Stres Kerja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/jurima.v6i1.6781Keywords:
Employee Performance, Job Stress, Leadership Style, Work Culture, Workload.Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effects of workload, leadership style, and work culture on the performance of Generation Z employees, with job stress serving as an intervening variable at Credit Union Keling Kumang. This research adopts a quantitative approach using a survey method, in which data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 200 Generation Z employees. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the assistance of SmartPLS 4 software. The results indicate that workload and leadership style have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, while work culture does not have a significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, workload and leadership style have a positive and significant effect on job stress, whereas work culture does not significantly affect job stress. The analysis also reveals that job stress has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, indicating that the level of stress experienced by Generation Z employees remains moderate and functions as performance-enhancing stress (eustress). However, the intervening variable testing shows that job stress does not mediate the effects of workload, leadership style, and work culture on employee performance.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, M. (2014). Manajemen dan Evaluasi Kinerja Karyawan. Yogyakarta : Penerbit Aswaja Pressindo.
Ali, M., & Ahmed, S. (2019). The Impact of Work Stress on Employee Performance with Leadership Style as a Moderating Variable. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 10(6), 120–128.
Afifah, R. N., & Hidayat, A. (2022). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT XYZ di Surabaya. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 10(1), 25–34.
American Psychological Association. (2018). Stress in America: Generation Z. American Psychological Association.
Anwar, S., & Pratama, M. (2023). The Impact of Workload and Leadership Style on Employee Performance with Work Stress as a Mediating Variable. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 13(1), 55–70.
Ariani, L. D. (2021). Pengaruh Budaya Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Organisasi Nonprofit di Indonesia. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 8(2), 101–114.
Anton, A., Karo-karo, A. P., & Tjendana, M. (n.d.). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui variabel intervening stres kerja pada PT. Mutiara Laut Abadi Medan.
Asmawiyah, A., Mukhtar, A., & Sari, N. (2020). Pengaruh motivasi kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Perkebunan Nusantara XIV Makassar. Jurnal Mirai Management, 5(2), 1–10.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Taking Stock and Looking Forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182.
Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill’s handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (3rd ed.). Free Press.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.
Beehr, T. A., & Newman, J. E. (1978). Job stress, employee health, and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model, and literature review. Personnel Psychology, 31(4), 665–699.
Budianto, A., & Firmansyah, A. (2025). Bagaimana Teknologi Informasi Memoderasi Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 16(1), 112–130.
Chen, Y., & Wang, X. (2021). Leadership Style, Work Stress, and Job Performance among Young Employees. Journal of Business and Management Review, 10(4), 155–170.
Chen, B., Wang, L., Li, B., & Liu, W. (2022). Work stress, mental health, and employee performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1006580.
Denison, D. R. (2000). Organizational culture: Can it be a key lever for driving organizational change? The International Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate, 347–372.
Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A. K. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organization Science, 6(2), 204–223.
Dessler, G. (2000). Human Resource Management. 8th edition. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Fahmi, I. (2022). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia: Teori dan Aplikasi. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Francis, T., & Hoefel, F. (2021). True Gen: Generation Z and its implications for companies. McKinsey & Company.
Ganyang, M. T. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (Konsep dan Realita). Bogor: IN MEDIA
George, J. M. & Gareth R. J. (2002). Organizational Behaviour. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
Ghozali, I. (2022). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 26. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Handoko, T. H. (2016). Manajemen personalia dan sumber daya manusia. BPFE.
Hasibuan, M. S. P. (2018). Manajemen sumber daya manusia. Bumi Aksara.
Handayani, T., & Kurniawan, B. (2023). Budaya Kerja, Kepemimpinan, dan Kinerja Karyawan: Studi pada Generasi Milenial dan Gen Z. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Terapan, 7(1), 22–35.
Handoko, T. H. (2019). Manajemen Personalia dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Yogyakarta: BPFE.
Hidayat, R., & Rahmawati, A. (2022). The Role of Workload and Organizational Culture on Employee Stress Levels. International Journal of Management Studies, 15(4), 88–99.
Hidayat, A., & Ramadhani, N. (2023). Pengaruh Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Perusahaan Jasa Keuangan. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 18(4), 101–115.
Jamal, M. (2011). Job stress, job performance and organizational commitment in a multinational company: An empirical study in two countries. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(20), 20–29.
Johnson, P., & Lee, S. (2023). Work Stress, Leadership Style, and Employee Performance: Evidence from Multinational Companies. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 13(2), 45–63.
Jooss, S., Solnet, D., Knight, C., & Worsteling, A. (2022). Artificial intelligence and work design: Implications for frontline service employees and future research. Journal of Service Management.
Kadarisman, M. (2012). Manajemen kompensasi. Jakarta: Rajawali pers
Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 285–308.
Kurniawan, A. (2019). Pengaruh beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 7(1), 45–56.
Koesomowidjojo, S. (2017). Panduan Praktis Menyusun Analisis Beban Kerja. Jakarta: Raih Asa Sukses.
Kusuma, D. A., & Wibowo, H. (2021). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Gen Z pada Era Digital. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis, 12(3), 45–56.
Kim, J., & Jung, H.-S. (2022). The effect of employee competency and organizational culture on employees’ perceived stress for better workplace. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4428.
Lestari, S., & Santoso, J. (2021). Budaya Kerja dan Stres Kerja pada Perusahaan Startup Digital di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 17(2), 200–214.
Le Fevre, M., Matheny, J., & Kolt, G. S. (2003). Eustress, distress, and interpretation in occupational stress. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(7), 726–744.
Lestari, R., Wibowo, A., & Santoso, B. (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, 11(2), 134–145.
Luthans, F. (2011). Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Luthans, F. (2011). Organizational Behavior: An Evidence-Based Approach (12th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Mangkunegara, A. A. A. P. (2019). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mangkuprawira, S. (2004). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Strategik. Ghalia Indonesia: Bogor.
Miftah, T. (2010), Pembinaan Organisasi, proses dianosa dan intervensi, Manajemen Kepemimpinan. Yogyakarta, Gava Media.
Munandar, A. S. (2011). Psikologi Industri dan Organisasi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press).
Nguyen, T., & Tran, H. (2022). The Role of Organizational Culture and Work Stress in Shaping Employee Performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Research, 7(1), 33–49.
Nugroho, H., & Putri, M. (2024). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi terhadap Stres Kerja dan Dampaknya pada Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi, 31(3), 145–160.
Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Sage Publications.
Parker, D. F., & DeCotiis, T. A. (1983). Organizational determinants of job stress. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 32(2), 160–177.
Pratama, R., & Santoso, D. (2021). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan stres kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(3), 201–212.
Putra, A. R., & Wibowo, U. (2020). Pengaruh beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan stres kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi, 11(1), 15–28.
Putri, N. L., Sari, D. P., & Rahman, A. (2021). Kepemimpinan dan stres kerja karyawan. Jurnal Psikologi Industri dan Organisasi, 10(2), 88–97.
Prasetyo, R. A., & Yulianti, D. (2025). Pengaruh Budaya Kerja dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Gen Z. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan Indonesia, 12(2), 55–70.
Priyatno, D. (2014). Mandiri Belajar Analisis Data dengan Spss. Yogyakarta: Mediakom.
Putra, A., & Dewi, F. (2022). Hubungan Budaya Organisasi dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Stres Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Riset Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 9(2), 89–104.
Putri, A. M., & Sari, D. (2023). Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Stres Kerja, dan Budaya Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Sektor Keuangan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Terapan, 6(1), 59–72.
Quick, J. C., & Quick, J. D. (1984). Organizational stress and preventive management. McGraw-Hill.
Rahman, F. (2019). Budaya kerja dan stres kerja karyawan. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 8(2), 90–101.
Rahmawati, S. (2020). Pengaruh budaya kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 5(1), 55–66.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019). Organizational Behavior (18th ed.). Pearson Education.
Robert, M. & John, J. (2002). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta : Salemba empat.
Sadili, S. (2006). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Bandung : Pustaka Setia.
Saragih, R., & Tamba, Y. (2023). The Role of Leadership Style and Work Stress in Influencing Employee Performance in Cooperative Organizations. Journal of Business and Management Research, 8(2), 112–127.
Sari, D. P., Nugroho, A., & Hidayat, R. (2022). Beban kerja dan kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 14(1), 60–72.
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Seemiller, C., & Grace, M. (2016). Generation Z goes to college. Jossey-Bass.
Selye, H. (1976). The stress of life (Rev. ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Sutrisno, E. (2016). Manajemen sumber daya manusia. Kencana.
Schein, E. H. (2017). Organizational Culture and Leadership (5th ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Sedarmayanti. (2001). Sumber Daya Manusia dan Produktivitas Kerja. Bandung: Mandar Maju.
Simamora, H. (2004). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Yogyakarta: STIE YKPN.
Simanjuntak, P. J. (2021). Manajemen dan Evaluasi Kinerja. Jakarta: Fakultas Ekonomi UI.
Siregar, R., & Wahyuni, L. (2024). Stres Kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan pada Perusahaan Ritel di Jakarta. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Indonesia, 10(2), 75–90.
Smith, J., & Brown, K. (2020). Organizational Culture, Stress, and Employee Performance: A Cross-Cultural Study. International Journal of Management Research, 8(3), 99–115.
Sugiyono. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung : ALFABETA.
Tarwaka. (2015). Ergonomi Industri. Surakarta : Harapan Press.
Twenge, J. M. (2017). iGen: Why today’s super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy—and completely unprepared for adulthood. Atria Books.
Wijono, S. (2019). Psikologi industri dan organisasi. Kencana.
Wickens, C. D., Hollands, J. G., Banbury, S., & Parasuraman, R. (2015). Engineering psychology and human performance (4th ed.). Routledge.
Umar, H. (2005), Metode Penelitian Untuk Tesis Dan Bisnis, Jakarta: Grafindo Persada.
Veithzal & Rivai, (2008). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia untuk Perusahaan .PT.Raja Grafindo Persada: Jakarta.
Wibowo, A., & Syafitri, H. (2020). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Stres Kerja. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 25(3), 150–166.
Wicaksono, A. S. (2019). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Bni Syariah Kantor Cabang Fatmawati Jakarta Selatan. Universitas Muhammadyah Jakarta
Yani, M. (2012). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Mitra Wacana Media.
Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908). The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit formation. Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology, 18(5), 459–482.
Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
Yuliani, D., & Saputra, K. (2021). Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Stres Kerja: Dampaknya pada Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi, 15(1), 65–80.
Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
Zainal, V. R., & Hasibuan, M. S. P. (2020). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Perspektif Strategis. Jakarta: Mitra Wacana Media.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Akuntansi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.








